Java Custom Exception Example

➤ Java Bean with Examples
➤ How to Code a Game
➤ Array Programs in Java
➤ Java Inline Thread Creation
➤ Java Custom Exception
➤ Hibernate vs JDBC
➤ Object Relational Mapping
➤ Check Oracle DB Size
➤ Check Oracle DB Version
➤ Generation of Computers
➤ XML Pros & Cons
➤ Git Analytics & Its Uses
➤ Top Skills for Cloud Professional
➤ How to Hire Best Candidates
➤ Scrum Master Roles & Work
➤ CyberSecurity in Python
➤ Protect from Cyber-Attack
➤ Solve App Development Challenges
➤ Top Chrome Extensions for Twitch Users
➤ Mistakes That Can Ruin Your Test Metric Program

In the previous post, we learned how to develop a user-defined custom exception in Java. We discussed it through a custom exception example. Now, we will develop more Java custom exception examples.

Prerequisite:- How to develop User-defined Custom exception in Java

Java Custom Exception Example – 1

Example1:- Register the person for voting based on age.

Develop a Java program to register the person for voting. If the age of the person is less than or equal to 17 (age <= 17) then he/she is not eligible for voting, don’t register them, give exception messages.

Step1) Develop NotEligibleException derived from java.lang.Exception class (that is NotEligibleException will be checked exception.) 

public class NotEligibleException extends Exception {

   // no-arg constructor
   public NotEligibleException(){
        super();
   }

   // String-arg constructor
   public NotEligibleException(String msg) {
        super(msg);
   }

 }

Step2) Develop Register class and in this class, the checkAge(int age) method throws an Exception when the age of the person is less than or equal to 17. 

public class Register {

    public static void checkAge(int age) 
              throws NotEligibleException {

      if(age<=17) 
         throw new NotEligibleException(
               "Age<=17, not eligible for voting");

    }
 }

Step3) Develop VoterList class to perform the registering operations.

import java.util.Scanner;

public class VoterList {

  public static void main(String[] args) {

   // declare variables
   int age = 0;

   // create Scanner class object
   Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);

   // read age
   System.out.print("Enter age: ");
   age = scan.nextInt();

   // check age
   try {
     Register.checkAge(age);
     System.out.println("Registering in the voting list.");
     System.out.println("Registration completed.");
   } catch(NotEligibleException e) {
     System.out.println(e.getMessage());
   }

  }
}

The output for different test-cases:-

Enter age: 20
Registering in the voting list.
Registration completed.

Enter age: 16
Age<=17, not eligible for voting

Java Custom Exception Example – 2

Create an ATM class to perform deposit and withdrawal operations. Define custom exceptions InvalidAmountException, InsufficientFundsException to handle operations done by the customer in deposit and withdrawal operations.

Here we need to develop mainly 5 Java classes,

  1. InvalidAmountException:- for user-defined custom exception
  2. InsufficientFundsException:- for user-defined custom exception
  3. ATMCard:- An interface, which has properties deposit(), withdraw() and balanceEnquiry().
  4. Citibank:- A class implemented from ATMCard interface
  5. ATM:- A class to perform operations of ATM (automatic tailer machine).

We will also develop another Bank class for our better understanding purpose.

  1. AmericanBank:- Another class implemented from ATMCard interface.

All Banks have these properties,

  • Customers are not allowed to deposit amount <= 0 ( In this case throw InvalidAmountException).
  • Customers are not allowed to withdraw amount <= 0 (throw InvalidAmountException).
  • Customers are also not allowed to withdraw an amount greater than (>) the available amount (throw InsufficientFundsException ).
// InvalidAmountException.java
public class InvalidAmountException extends Exception {

   // no-arg constructor
   public InvalidAmountException(){ 
          super();
   }

   // String-arg constructor
   public InvalidAmountException(String msg) {
     super(msg);
   }

}
// InsufficientFundsException.java
public class InsufficientFundsException extends Exception {

   // no-arg constructor
   public InsufficientFundsException(){
      super();
   }

   public InsufficientFundsException(String msg){
      // String-arg constructor
      super(msg);
   }
}
// ATMCard.java
// Contains abstract methods
interface ATMCard {

   public void deposit(double amount)
         throws InvalidAmountException;

   public double withdraw(double amount)
     throws InvalidAmountException,
            InsufficientFundsException;

   public double balanceEnquiry();
}
// CitiBank.java
public class CitiBank implements ATMCard{

  // balance should not be accessible to everyone
  private double balance;

  // instance block
  {
    // Opening account balance with 1500
    // you can take any number
    this.balance = 1500;
  }
  
  // method to perform deposit operation
  public void deposit(double amount)
              throws InvalidAmountException {

    if( amount <= 0) {
      throw new InvalidAmountException(
               "Invalid amount; amount<=0");
    }
    balance = balance + amount;

  }

  // method to perform withdraw operation 
  public double withdraw(double amount)
         throws InvalidAmountException,
                InsufficientFundsException {

    if( amount <= 0) {
      throw new InvalidAmountException(
              "Invalid amount; amount<=0");
    }

    if( balance < amount) {
      throw new InsufficientFundsException(amount +
                 " not available in your account");
    }
    balance = balance - amount;
    return amount;
  }

  // method to perform balanceEnquiry operation
  public double balanceEnquiry(){
    return balance;
  }

}

All banks are doing the same thing so, code-wise no difference between AmericanBank.java and Citibank.java

//AmericanBank.java
public class AmericanBank implements ATMCard {

  // balance should not be accessible to everyone 
  private double balance;

  // instance block
  {
    // Opening account with 2000
    this.balance = 2000;
  }

  // method to perform deposit operation 
  public void deposit(double amount)
              throws InvalidAmountException {

    if( amount <= 0) {
      throw new InvalidAmountException(
               "Invalid amount; amount<=0");
    }
    balance = balance + amount;

  }

  // method to perform withdraw operation  
  public double withdraw(double amount)
         throws InvalidAmountException,
               InsufficientFundsException {

    if( amount <= 0) {
      throw new InvalidAmountException(
               "Invalid amount; amount<=0");
    }
    if( balance < amount) {
      throw new InsufficientFundsException(amount +
                " not available in your account");
    }
    balance = balance - amount;
    return amount;
  }

  // method to perform balanceEnquiry operation 
  public double balanceEnquiry(){
    return balance;
  }

}

Class for Performing Operations

//ATM.java
import java.util.Scanner;

public class ATM {

  public static void main(String[] args)
    throws InstantiationException,
                         IllegalAccessException {

   /* Declare variables 
    * To avoid NullPointerException
    * initialize them with their default value
    */
   String bankName = null, nextOption = null;
   int option = null;
   double amount = 0.0, withdrawalAmount = 0.0;
 
   // create Scanner class object
   Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);

   /* Outer while loop wil keep ATM machine 
    * always in the active mode
    * Program will remain always active
    */
   while(true){

     // read input
     System.out.print("Enter ATMCard (BankName): ");
     bankName = scan.next();

     try {
       // reading class dynamically at runtime
       ATMCard card = 
          (ATMCard)Class.forName(bankName).newInstance();

       start: //label
       while(true) { //inner-while loop
         System.out.println("\n*****Choose operation*****");
         System.out.println(" 1. Deposit");
         System.out.println(" 2. Withdraw");
         System.out.println(" 3. Balance Enquiry");
         System.out.println(" 4. Exit");
         option = scan.nextInt();

         try {
           switch(option){

             // deposit operation
             case 1:
             {
               System.out.print("Enter amount to deposit: ");
               amount = scan.nextDouble();
               card.deposit(amount);
               System.out.println("Amount "+ amount + 
                                       " deposited");
               break;
             }

             // withdraw operation 
             case 2:
             {
               System.out.print("Enter amount to withdraw: ");
               amount = scan.nextDouble();
               withdrawalAmount = card.withdraw(amount);
               System.out.println("Collect "+ 
                               withdrawalAmount+" cash");
               break;
             }

             // balance-enquiry operation 
             case 3:
             {
               System.out.println("Current Balance: "+
                              card.balanceEnquiry());
               break;
             }

             // exit operation 
             case 4:
               break start;

             default:
               System.out.println("Invalid option");
           } //switch close

           // Ask for next operation
           System.out.println("\nDo you want to continue? ");
           System.out.print("Enter Y or N: ");
           nextOption = scan.next();
           if("N".equalsIgnoreCase(nextOption)) 
               break start;
         } // inner-try close

         catch (InvalidAmountException e) {
           System.out.println(e.getMessage());
         } catch (InsufficientFundsException e) {
           System.out.println(e.getMessage());
         } catch (Exception e) {
           System.out.println(e.getMessage());
         } // inner-catch close
       } //inner-while close

     } // outer-try close
     catch(ClassNotFoundException e) {
       System.out.println("Bank is not available.");
     } catch (Exception e) {
       System.out.println(e.getMessage());
     } // outer-catch close 

     System.out.println("\n*********************************");
     System.out.println("    Thank You :) Visit again");
     System.out.println("***********************************\n");

    } //outer-while close
  } // main-method close
} //class close

Note:- We are reading BankName dynamically using reflection API, so before executing the ATM class, byte code (.class files) of all classes should be available.

This program execution will only stop when we use System.Exit(0); in the ATM.java class.

Different Test cases for ATM class

The output of different test-cases are:-

Test-Case-1

Enter ATMCard (BankName): BankOfAmerica
Bank is not available.

***********************************
    Thank You :) Visit again
***********************************

Test-Case-2

Enter ATMCard (BankName): AmericanBank

*****Choose operation***** 
 1. Deposit
 2. Withdraw
 3. Balance Enquiry
 4. Exit
3
Current Balance: 2000.0

Do you want to continue? 
Enter Y or N: y

*****Choose operation***** 
 1. Deposit
 2. Withdraw
 3. Balance Enquiry
 4. Exit
1
Enter amount to deposit: -500
Invalid amount; amount<=0

*****Choose operation***** 
 1. Deposit
 2. Withdraw
 3. Balance Enquiry
 4. Exit
1
Enter amount to deposit: 900
Amount 900.0 deposited

Do you want to continue? 
Enter Y or N: y

*****Choose operation***** 
 1. Deposit
 2. Withdraw
 3. Balance Enquiry
 4. Exit
3
Current Balance: 2900.0

Do you want to continue? 
Enter Y or N: y

*****Choose operation***** 
 1. Deposit
 2. Withdraw
 3. Balance Enquiry
 4. Exit
2
Enter amount to withdraw: -1000       
Invalid amount; amount<=0

*****Choose operation***** 
 1. Deposit
 2. Withdraw
 3. Balance Enquiry
 4. Exit
2
Enter amount to withdraw: 2500
Collect 2500.0 cash

Do you want to continue? 
Enter Y or N: y

*****Choose operation***** 
 1. Deposit
 2. Withdraw
 3. Balance Enquiry
 4. Exit
3
Current Balance: 400.0

Do you want to continue? 
Enter Y or N: n

***********************************
    Thank You :) Visit again
***********************************

Test-Case-3

Enter ATMCard (BankName): CitiBank

*****Choose operation***** 
 1. Deposit
 2. Withdraw
 3. Balance Enquiry
 4. Exit
3
Current Balance: 1500.0

Do you want to continue? 
Enter Y or N: y

*****Choose operation***** 
 1. Deposit
 2. Withdraw
 3. Balance Enquiry
 4. Exit
4

***********************************
    Thank You :) Visit again
***********************************

Test-Case-4

Enter ATMCard (BankName): CitiBank

*****Choose operation***** 
 1. Deposit
 2. Withdraw
 3. Balance Enquiry
 4. Exit
5
Invalid option

Do you want to continue? 
Enter Y or N: n

***********************************
    Thank You :) Visit again
***********************************

Related Java topics

If you enjoyed this post, share it with your friends. Do you want to share more information about the topic discussed above or do you find anything incorrect? Let us know in the comments. Thank you!

2 thoughts on “Java Custom Exception Example”

    1. Vikas

      Hello Akshaya, could you please provide more information about the output? No “Bank” class is used in example2. Before executing the ATM class, make sure you had compiled all remaining classes.

      Reply

Leave a Comment

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *