Fascinating Number in Java

In this post, we will develop a Java program to check whether the given number is a Fascinating Number or not? We will also develop a Java program to find all fascinating numbers between two given numbers.

A number is called a fascinating number if it is (having at least 3 digits) multiplied by 2 and 3, and both these products are concatenated with the original number, then the new number contains all the digits from 1 to 9 exactly once. There could be any number of zeros and are ignored.

Example:-
Number = 192
Multiplying by 2 => 192 * 2 = 384
Multiplying by 3 => 192 * 3 = 576
Concatenation => “192” + “384” + “576” = 192384576, which contains all the digits from 1 to 9 exactly once. Hence, it is a fascinating number.

Since 192 is a fascinating number so, 1902, 19002, 19000…0002, are also a fascinating number. Because number of 0 is ignored.

Another example:-
Number = 273
Multiplying by 2 => 273 * 2 = 546
Multiplying by 3 => 273 * 3 = 819
Concatenation => “273” + “546” + “819” = “273546819”, which contains all the digits from 1 to 9 exactly once. Hence, it is a fascinating number.

Procedure

1) Take a number
2) Declare a string and initialize it with the concatenation of number, number*2, and number*3. For concatenation, we can use + operator

String str = "" + number + number*2 + number*3;

3) Declare an integer array of size 10, by default are all elements of an array is 0
4) Traverse through the characters of the string.

• Find the ith character in ith iteration
• Convert this character into digit (Not in ASCII value) and
• Check array[digit] is 0 or not? If yes then increase the value of array[digit] element by 1. But if array[digit] is not 0 that means already it is increased due to previous existing same digit so, number is not a fascinating number.

If( arr[digit] == 0 ) arr[digit]++;
else return false;

5) Now, check the missing digit, ignore element=0. If any element of the array is zero then it means string (number) doesn’t contain that number. So, the number is not a fascinating number.
6) If all previous conditions are satisfied then it is a fascinating number.

Program

import java.util.Scanner;

public class FascinatingNumber {

   // Method to check the Fascinating number
   public static boolean isFascinating(int number){

      // declare variables
      int digit = 0;

      // new number
      String str = "" + number + 
                    number*2 + number*3;

      // declare an array of size 10
      int arr[] = new int[10];

      // compare array elements and
      // characters of the string
      for(int i=0; i<str.length(); i++) {

         // fetch ith character and 
         // convert it into number
         digit = str.charAt(i) - '0';

         // check arr[digit] element
         // and ignore 0
         if(digit==0 || arr[digit]==0)
            arr[digit]++;

         else return false;
      }

      // check their is any
      // missing number.
      // Ignore 1st element (0) of array
      for(int i=1; i<arr.length; i++) {

         // digit i was not their in String
         if(arr[i]==0)
            return false;
     }

      // all conditions satisfied so, return true
      return true;
   }

   // main method
   public static void main(String[] args) {

      // declare variables
      int number = 0;
      boolean result = false;

      //create Scanner class object to take input
      Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);

      // take input from end-user
      System.out.print("Enter an integer number::");
      number = scan.nextInt();

      // check number is Fascinating number or not
      result = isFascinating(number);

      // display
      if(result)
      System.out.println(number +
                  " is a Fascinating number.");
      else
      System.out.println(number +
                 " is not a Fascinating number.");

      // close Scanner class object
      scan.close();
   }
}

The Output for the different test-cases are:-

Enter an integer number::192
192 is a Fascinating number.

Enter an integer number::1902
1902 is a Fascinating number.

Enter an integer number::219
219 is a Fascinating number.

Enter an integer number::1234
1234 is not a Fascinating number.

Java program to find all fascinating number between two numbers

import java.util.Scanner;

public class FascinatingNumberInRange {

   // method to check the Fascinating number
   public static boolean isFascinating(int number) {

      // declare variables
      int digit = 0;

      // new number
      String str = "" + number + number*2 + number*3;

      // declare an array of size 10
      int arr[] = new int[10];

      // compare array elements and
      // characters of the string
      for(int i=0; i<str.length(); i++) {

         // fetch ith character and 
         // convert it into number
         digit = str.charAt(i) - '0';

         // check arr[digit] element
         // and ignore 0
         if(digit==0 || arr[digit]==0)
            arr[digit]++;

         else return false;
      }

      // check their is any
      // missing number.
      // Ignore 1st element (0) of array
      for(int i=1; i<arr.length; i++) {

         // digit i was not their in String
         if(arr[i]==0)
            return false;
      }

      // all conditions satisfied so, return true
      return true;
   }

   public static void main(String[] args) {

       // declare variables
       int minRange = 0, maxRange = 0;

       //create Scanner class object to take input
       Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
       System.out.print("Enter minimum value of range:");
       minRange = scan.nextInt();
       System.out.print("Enter maximum value of range:");
       maxRange = scan.nextInt();

       System.out.println("The Fascinating number from "+ 
               minRange + " to "+ maxRange+" are: ");

       // loop
       for(int i=minRange; i<=maxRange; i++) {
           // check number
           if(isFascinating(i))
               System.out.print(i +" ");
       }

       // close Scanner class object
       scan.close();
    }
}

The Output for the different test-cases are:-

Enter minimum value of range:1
Enter maximum value of range:1000
The Fascinating number from 1 to 1000 are:
192 219 273 327

Enter minimum value of range:1000
Enter maximum value of range:10000
The Fascinating number from 1000 to 10000 are:
1902 1920 2019 2190 2703 2730 3027 3270

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